ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF HONEY AND ITS SPECIFIC ACTIONS ON CELL WALLS, MEMBRANES AND ENZYMES OF SOME MICROBIAL PATHOGENS

ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF HONEY AND ITS SPECIFIC ACTIONS ON CELL WALLS, MEMBRANES AND ENZYMES OF SOME MICROBIAL PATHOGENS

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial agents of plant origin have enormous therapeutic potentials. Honey, which is a product of plant, is a sugary substance produced by bee from the nectar of flower. It has been an age long antimicrobial therapy for wounds and burns. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effects of honey and its specific actions on cell walls, membranes and enzymes of the following organisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Trichophyton verrucosum. Trichophyton equinum and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion method. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli were tested at 100 %, 80 % and 60 % (v/v) honey concentration and Trichophyton verrucosum and Trichophyton equinum were tested at 100 % honey concentration only. Escherichia coli had the highest zone of inhibition of 29.0 mm, 27.0 mm and 19.0 mm at 100 %, 80 % and 60 % respectively followed by Bacillus subtilis, which had 15.0 mm, 1.0 mm and 8.0 mm zones of inhibition while Pseudomonas aeruginosa had 13.7 mm, 11.0 mm and 6.3 mm zones of inhibition as the least. At 100 %, T. verrucosum and T. equinum had zone of inhibition of 14.0 mm and 17.0 mm respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations recorded for Escherichia. coli, Bacillus subtilis and P. aeruginosa were 10 %, 80 % and 100 % (v/v) respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentrations for E. coli and B. subtilis were 20 % and 100 % (v/v) respectively. The effect of honey on bacterial isolates after incubation for one hour and two hours revealed that E. coli had 22.0 and 35.3 µg/ml protein leakage; Bacillus subtilis had 31.0 and 49.0 (µg/ml) while Pseudomonas. aeruginosa had 49.7 and 60.0 (µg/ml) respectively. The result of enzymatic inhibition showed that honey had activity against the cells treated compared to the control: E. coli had 11.0 and 14.0 (mm); Bacillus. subtilis had 30.0 and 40.0 (mm) while Pseudomonas aeruginosa had 31.7 and 45.0 (mm) for the treated and untreated cells respectively. The result of this study showed that the honey had a broad spectrum antimicrobial activities and could be recommended for antibiotics alternative therapy.

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